Reform is often based on the principle that there is always a better alternative to the current situation. Given that education, among other characteristics, also has a high economic value, then the pursuit of a "better" education (and hence the recognition of meaningful reforms that are sustainable in the long-term, and the optimal adjustment of the educational organizations to new environmental elements so that their needs are met) becomes crucially important at critical times. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the educational reforms that have taken place in the Greek educational system (at all levels of education) over the last few years. This study supports the view that if Greece wants to overcome the crisis in the economy and implement substantial educational reforms it should be prepared to follow a stable, long-term and innovative educational policy (without serving mainly political goals) that calls for the systematic treatment of all educational problems in an environment of constructive and realistic dialogue with all relevant groups, and, most importantly, ensures that the school system has the capacity to implement and sustain the educational reforms.