The paper deals with an analysis of Greek panel data on primary education. Following a review of literature and estimation of a model, three methodologies of analysis are employed. Time-Series results showed that centralisation has significant implications on current expenditure per pupil. Population density and unemployment are not significant determinants whereas teacher per pupil ratio has a direct relationship with the expenditure per pupil. Cross-section results showed that population density and the proportion of pupils enrolled in public primary schools are important determinants for the per pupil cost. A validity test was conducted for the cross-section method and results showed no difference between the line and estimated outcome.