The aim of this chapter is to indicate what are the connections between entrepreneurship, competitiveness, innovativeness, and economic growth from the theoretical point of view. One important matter is also determinants of entrepreneurship, competitiveness, and innovativeness development. During the last decade (XX century), governments all over the world have promoted entrepreneurship and enterprise culture as a means of improving and stimulating competitiveness and economic growth. This is particularly evident after the rise of supply-side economics, according to which a better climate for businesses results in job creation, demand increase, and a further boost of the economy. When entrepreneurship is seen as the engine of growth, the emphasis shifts toward the creation of an environment within which opportunities for entrepreneurial activities are created.