The main purpose of every government is to further its country’s development. For a country to improve the knowledge and skills of its population, the education system has to perform efficiently. This chapter argues that the ‘crisis’ sustained by the Greek education system cannot be overcome through frequent corrective interventions, but only through a rational and long-term education programme. This chapter tries to show that Greece can achieve greater efficiency in the educational system, strengthen the knowledge and skills of human capital, ensure improved working practices, and proceed towards the development of a healthy economy only through cohesion, continuity, and consistency of all groups involved and strategic planning for an efficient and sustainable system of education and economy.