Since rural education makes a valuable contribution to the economy of any country, and also since rural teacher training has been identified by many educational researchers as pivotal for the effectiveness of small rural schools, strategies to improve teacher quality should be developed. The purpose of this chapter is to address the issue of teacher education for schools in rural areas and moreover to explore ways of securing teacher education within rural education, the desired outcomes of teacher training, and the essential components of the teacher education process. This chapter highlights the significant impact of teacher education on school effectiveness and suggests that a teacher training program for ongoing development - especially for rural school teachers - is of crucial importance if the long-term improvement of rural education is to be secured.